Climate Adaptive Design Index for the Built Environment (CADI-BE): An Assessment System of the Adaptive Capacity to Urban Temperatures Increase

In a scenario in which the climate changes subject urban centres and large cities to high levels of environmental vulnerability and criticality underway, it is evident the need to define operational and straightforward decision-making tools capable of prefiguring and verifying the effectiveness of urban transformation climate-adaptive regeneration processes. The Climate Adaptive Design Index for the Built Environment (CADI-BE) tool has been developed to assess the adaptive capacity and level of performance of open urban spaces to the stresses due to the increase in global average temperatures. The repercussions of these phenomena cause the occurrence of heatwaves and the urban heat island effect (UHI), bringing out the inability of cities to cope with changes in the climate, making urban open spaces unlivable and no longer the ideal habitat for everyday life and social interactions

Human Smart Landscape: An Adaptive and Synergistic Approach for the “National Park of Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni”

AbstractThe concept of human smart landscape introduces a perspective of research where the landscape identifies a complex system of relationships among the various smart dimensions (smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment, smart people, smart living, smart governance) and different interpretative approaches, overcoming the consideration of territory as a physical–geometrical reality at the service of economic aspects. The paper, starting from the evolution of the landscape's concept, focuses on the management of its complexity in the transformation processes included in the dynamic context of the landscape's cultural values and in the development strategies designed to support and strengthen these values. A multidimensional methodological framework, oriented to the evaluation and valorisation of landscape complex values, has been structured and tested in the National Park of Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni (Italy)

Integrated Spatial Assessment (ISA): A Multi-Methodological Approach for Planning Choices

In decision-making processes for urban planning and design, evaluation can be considered a relevant tool to build choices, to recognize values, interests and needs, and to explore the different aspects that can influence decisions. Evaluation can be considered a process to integrate approaches, methods and models, able to support the different needs of the decision-making process itself. According to Trochim and Donnelly (2006), it is possible to define a planning-evaluation cycle with various phases requested by both planners and evaluators. The first phase of such a cycle, the so-called planning phase, is designed in order to elaborate a set of potential actions, programs, or technologies, and select the best ones for implementation. The main stages are related to (1) the formulation of the problem, issue, or concern; (2) the broad conceptualization of the main alternatives to be considered; (3) the detailing of these alternatives and their potential implications; (4) the evaluation of the alternatives and the selection of the preferable one; and (5) the implementation of the selected alternative. These stages are considered inherent to planning, but they need a relevant evaluation work, useful in conceptualization and detailing, and in assessing alternatives and making a choice of the preferable one. The evaluation phase also involves a sequence of stages that includes: (1) the formulation of the major goals and objectives; (2) the conceptualization and operationalization of the major components of the evaluation (program, participants, setting, criteria, measures, etc.); (3) the design of the evaluation, detailing how these components will be coordinated; the analysis of the information, both qualitative and quantitative; and (4) the utilization of the evaluation results. Indeed, evaluation is intrinsic to all types of decision-making and can take different meanings and roles within decision-making processes, especially if it is related to spatial planning (Alexander, 2006). ”Evaluation in planning” or ”evaluation within planning” seems to better interpret the concept of planning-evaluation proposed by Lichfield (1996) where the binomial name makes explicit the close interaction and reciprocal framing of evaluation and planning: evaluation is conceived as deeply embedded in planning, affecting planning, and evolving with it (Cerreta, 2010). Indeed, the evolution of evaluation methods reflects their evolving relationship with the planning process and the way in which they interact with the diversity and multiplicity of domains and values. To identify an analytic and evaluative structure able to integrate different purposes and multidimensional values within the decision-making processes means to develop evaluation frameworks not focusing only on the environmental, social and economic effects of different options, but also considering the nature of the stakes, selecting priorities and values in a multidimensional perspective. It is crucial to structure complex decision-making processes oriented to an integrated planning, that can support the selection, the monitoring and the management of different resources, and the interaction among decision-makers, decision-takers, stakeholders and local community

Strategic Environmental Assessment of Port Plans in Italy: Experiences, Approaches, Tools

Evaluation is increasingly important in decision-making processes for the sustainable planning and design of port plans. It acts as a support for plan preparation, for making values, interests and needs explicit, and for exploring the components of the decision-making process itself. Evaluation can be likened to an "implicit tool" that can integrate approaches, methodologies and models, adapting to the many needs revealed during the decision-making process. New sustainability challenges call for new approaches to creating frameworks for the analysis and evaluation of plans and projects that allow the integration of multidimensional goals and values. Utilizing some selected case studies of port plans in six Italian cities, this paper explores how environmental assessment can become a tool for dialog and interaction among different fields of expertise to support dynamic learning processes, knowledge management and the creation of shared choices, using suitable approaches and tools. In this view, Integrated Spatial Assessment (ISA) can be useful in supporting decision-making processes on different scales and institutional levels to stimulate dialog between technical and political evaluations, referring to complex values that are part of conflicting and changing realities in which it has become imperative to operate according to sustainability principles

A Multi-Methodological Decision-Making Process for Cultural Landscapes Evaluation: The Green Lucania Project

Abstract The paper introduces the multi-methodological decision-making process implemented in the 'Green Lucania project' by a multidisciplinary research group of University of Naples Federico II, Department of Architecture (DiARC), for the cultural landscape valorization of Pisticci municipality (Basilicata Region, Italy). To identify situated synergistic actions able to produce a network of 'green' shared values, an adaptive evaluation approach has been implemented, where Collaborative Spatial Decision-Making processes and Geo-Design approaches interplay. The multi-methodological decision-making process for cultural landscapes evaluation activates a fundamental link between knowledge and values, to transform this dialogue into goals and actions, identify key-values, explore decision opportunities and possible alternatives, explicate impacts and effects, and manage complex systems with multiple priorities related to multiple landscape values

A spatial decision support system for multifunctional landscape assessment: a transformative resilience perspective for vulnerable inland areas

The concept of transformative resilience has emerged from the recent literature and represents a way to interpret the potential opportunities for change in vulnerable territories, where a socioeconomic change is required. This article extends the perspective of transformative resilience to an assessment of the landscape multifunctionality of inland areas, exploring the potential of identifying a network of synergies among the different municipalities that is able to trigger a process of territorial resilience. A spatial decision support system (SDSS) for multifunctionality landscape assessment aims to help local actors understand local resources and multifunctional values of the Partenio Regional Park (PRP) and surrounding municipalities, in the South of Italy, stimulating their cooperation in the management of environmental and cultural sites and the codesign of new strategies of enhancement. The elaboration of spatial indicators according to Landscape Services classification and the interaction between the “Analytic Network Process” (ANP) method, spatial weighted overly and geographic information system (GIS) support the identification of a preferable scenario able to activate a transformative resilience strategy in selected vulnerable inland areas, which can be scaled up in other similar contexts

ntegrated Spatial Assessment: a Multidimensional Approach for Sustainable Planning

EnThe paper presents the different steps of a multidimensional methodological approach for supporting the construction of planning choices, starting from the concept of “integrated assessment”. The integration among Problem Structuring Methods, Public Participation, GIS, Multicriteria and Multigroups Decision Support Systems and Geographic Information Systems identifies a decision-making process explored for the transformation strategies definition in the spatial planning field according to sustainable and complex values

Creative Ecosystem Services for New Urban-Rural Communities: The "VàZapp" Experience

Food cycles, as dynamic and ever-changing systems, need flexible solutions to be co-designed and co-evaluated to generate benefits for people and the environment. Regenerating capital stocks of ecosystem services through urban-rural cooperation requires a “creative capital” which can continuously innovate the use of resources, skills, knowledge, and impact monitoring. Moreover, cultural creative enterprises generate a new value chain in which tangible and intangible assets join the “shared value” perspective to enable a new supply chain as a pillar of the circular economy paradigm. In this perspective, a model for a creative food cycles value chain has been designed, using a Stated Preference (SP) method. A social/ creative enterprise—called “VàZapp’” (Foggia, Apulia region)—has been selected as a case study for the testing of the proposed model. The research results allow preliminary reflections about the definition of “creative ecosystem services” as tools for overcoming some critical issues concerning urban-rural cooperation

UNA STRATEGIA CULTURE-LED PER LA RIGENERAZIONE DI PISTICCI

At European, national, regional and local level, several strategies are related to culture-led regeneration: creative reuse of common goods, new cultural districts, place branding for cultural heritage. In this scenario, the research aims at responding to a yet open question in culture-led regeneration policies: how a cultural and creative process for an iconic cultural heritage could implement inclusive strategies of urban regeneration through evaluation processes? The paper explains the “Community Branding (Co-Bra)” approach able to combine cultural values, creativity, management models and multi-criteria/multi-group evaluation methods for a culture-led regeneration strategy. Within the framework of Matera ECoC 2019, the Co-Bra method was tailor-made on Pisticci (MT) case study, experimenting a creative community for urban regeneration, starting from the historic centre valorisation: so-called “PLUS hub” - Pisticci Sustainable Urban Lab. The key results of this action-research path are achieved especially in combining economic, social and cultural resources to ensure the sustainable and competitive advantage for local development